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History

Received: February 2025
Available Online: January 2026

Abstract

Objective of the Study: To utilize bacterial leakage to compare ex vivo the self-sealing properties of a bioactive resin-based restorative material, ACTIVA bioACTIVE Bulk Flow®, to a well-established bioactive resin-based composite, Predicta Bulk Bioactive®, and a traditional resin-based composite, Omnichroma® Flow Bulk.

Methods: Thirty-six (n=36) extracted human molars were randomly divided into three groups of 12 teeth each (n=12). The occlusal surfaces of the teeth were trimmed perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, creating a flat dentin surface. Further horizontal sectioning yielded samples that measured 3 mm in thickness (one for each tooth). Standardized Class I cavities were prepared in the center of the disks, each measuring 3 mm in diameter and 3 mm deep. The preparations were filled as follows: Group 1: ACTIVA bioACTIVE Bulk Flow; Group 2: Predicta Bulk Bioactive; Group 3: Omnichroma Flow Bulk. After sterilization, the samples were assessed for microleakage using an E. faecalis culture in a dual chamber leakage model. The broth in the upper chamber was inoculated with E. faecalis. When leakage occurred, the broth in the lower chamber exhibited turbidity, checked daily for 60 days. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05.

Results: After 60 days, the samples filled with ACTIVA bioACTIVE Bulk Flow and Predicta Bulk Bioactive demonstrated significantly less leakage (P<0.001) compared to the Omnichroma Flow Bulk samples. All samples in the latter showed bacterial leakage before 30 days. The median survival time for ACTIVA bioACTIVE Bulk Flow and Predicta Bulk Bioactive could not be determined as it exceeded 60 days, which was the duration of the experiment.

Conclusion: After 60 days, ACTIVA bioACTIVE Bulk Flow and Predicta Bulk Bioactive were significantly more effective in resisting
coronal bacterial leakage than Omnichroma Flow Bulk.

Keywords

Bacterial Leakage, Bioactivity, E. faecalis, Resin-Based Composite

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